Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by inhalation of respiratory aerosol in the Skagit Valley Chorale superspreading event

被引：480

作者：

Miller, Shelly L. ^{[1
]}

Nazaroff, William W. ^{[2
]}

Jimenez, Jose L. ^{[3
,4
]}

Boerstra, Atze ^{[5
]}

Buonanno, Giorgio ^{[6
]}

Dancer, Stephanie J. ^{[7
,8
]}

Kurnitski, Jarek ^{[9
]}

Marr, Linsey C. ^{[10
]}

Morawska, Lidia ^{[11
]}

Noakes, Catherine ^{[12
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Colorado, Mech Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[2] Univ Calif Berkeley, Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[3] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[4] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[5] BBA Binnenmilieu, REHVA Federat European Heating Ventilat & Air Con, The Hague, Netherlands

[6] Univ Cassino & Southern Lazio, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, Cassino, Italy

[7] Edinburgh Napier Univ, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

[8] NHS Lanarkshire, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland

[9] Tallinn Univ Technol, REHVA Technol & Res Comm, Tallinn, Estonia

[10] Virginia Tech, Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA

[11] Queensland Univ Technol, Int Lab Air Qual & Heath ILAQH, WHO Collaborating Ctr Air Qual & Hlth, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[12] Univ Leeds, Sch Civil Engn, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England

来源：

INDOOR AIR | 2021年 / 31卷 / 02期

关键词：

aerosol transmission; infectious disease; pandemic; risk; ventilation; virus; AIRBORNE INFECTION; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; TUBERCULOSIS; RISK; MODEL; SURVIVAL; EFFICACY; SPREAD;

D O I：

10.1111/ina.12751

中图分类号：

TU [建筑科学];

学科分类号：

0813 ;

摘要：

During the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, an outbreak occurred following attendance of a symptomatic index case at a weekly rehearsal on 10 March of the Skagit Valley Chorale (SVC). After that rehearsal, 53 members of the SVC among 61 in attendance were confirmed or strongly suspected to have contracted COVID-19 and two died. Transmission by the aerosol route is likely; it appears unlikely that either fomite or ballistic droplet transmission could explain a substantial fraction of the cases. It is vital to identify features of cases such as this to better understand the factors that promote superspreading events. Based on a conditional assumption that transmission during this outbreak was dominated by inhalation of respiratory aerosol generated by one index case, we use the available evidence to infer the emission rate of aerosol infectious quanta. We explore how the risk of infection would vary with several influential factors: ventilation rate, duration of event, and deposition onto surfaces. The results indicate a best-estimate emission rate of 970 +/- 390 quanta/h. Infection risk would be reduced by a factor of two by increasing the aerosol loss rate to 5 h(-1)and shortening the event duration from 2.5 to 1 h.

引用

页码：314 / 323

页数：10