Sex Drives Dimorphic Immune Responses to Viral Infections

被引：169

作者：

Ghosh, Soumitra ^{[1
]}

Klein, Robyn S. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

[2] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

[3] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY | 2017年 / 198卷 / 05期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; DENDRITIC CELL-DIFFERENTIATION; T-CELLS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SEOUL VIRUS; PROGESTERONE-RECEPTOR; CHROMOSOME COMPLEMENT; ANDROGENS ALTER; GENE-EXPRESSION;

D O I：

10.4049/jimmunol.1601166

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

New attention to sexual dimorphism in normal mam-malian physiology and disease has uncovered a previ-ously unappreciated breadth of mechanisms by which females and males differentially exhibit quantitative phenotypes. Thus, in addition to the established mod-ifying effects of hormones, which prenatally and postpubertally pattern cells and tissues in a sexually dimorphic fashion, sex differences are caused by extra-gonadal and dosage effects of genes encoded on sex chromosomes. Sex differences in immune responses, especially during autoimmunity, have been studied pre-dominantly within the context of sex hormone effects. More recently, immune response genes have been local-ized to sex chromosomes themselves or found to be reg-ulated by sex chromosome genes. Thus, understanding how sex impacts immunity requires the elucidation of complex interactions among sex hormones, sex chromo-somes, and immune response genes. In this Brief Re-view, we discuss current knowledge and new insights into these intricate relationships in the context of viral infections.

引用

页码：1782 / 1790

页数：9

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