Impacts of ferroresonance and inrush current forces on transformer windings

Deformation of the windings is one of the main causes of the power transformers failure. Here, for the first time, the electromagnetic forces exerted on the windings are computed in ferroresonance condition and compared with that of the inrush current for a typical power transformer. In both cases, the magnetic core of the transformer saturates and the leakage flux around the windings increases, which leads to large forces on the windings carrying high currents. Therefore, precise modelling of the transformer core is required to calculate the forces inside the transformer. For this purpose, the Jiles-Atherton vector hysteresis model is employed in conjunction with finite element method (FEM) to simulate the laminated grain-oriented steel core, and then the radial and axial forces inflicted on the windings are estimated.