A supply chain integrity framework for halal food

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to propose a food supply chain (SC) integrity framework in the context of halal food. Design/methodology/approach - This paper provides a discussion on the development of food SC integrity framework using triangulation of interviews' insights with literature. Findings - Current industry practices such as standards have not been sufficient in embracing the concept of food SC integrity. As the food SC is complex, food SC integrity framework is proposed as a solution. This paper proposes food SC integrity framework for halal food. It consists of four dimensions, namely: raw material, production, service, and information integrity. In addition, key elements for each dimension are derived from the interviews' insights. Research limitations/implications - The framework provides the evidence that the safeguarding of halal food integrity does not rely solely on certification; but it requires an extensive effort beyond certification. Practical implications - Safeguarding of food integrity should involve all stages and actors of the SC. Religious standards should incorporate SC integrity profiling through a controlling mechanism to promote higher food product integrity. Originality/value - Food SC integrity framework is important to religious food as it plays a significant role to the population. This study contributes to a newly developed SC integrity framework in the context of halal food.