The Analysis of Tool Holder Vibrations During the Cutting Process on Machine Tool

Nowdays, the development of machine tools along with the use of new technological solutions and the ways of managing ensured that machine tools, according to their technological characteristics, are being at the very top of recently technical achievements. However, the work of machine tools has been followed by phenomenon of vibrations whose influence has an effect not only on machine tool and its components but on the product itself. All machine tools are consisted of elements that work together so that they represent a dynamic system. For the reason that some elements of machine tools perform different periodical movements and that cutting forces change their dynamic character owing to effects of various accidental factors, machine tool-machining system has the characteristic of dynamic system. In this paper the tool holder vibrations caused by cutting process were analyzed. The machine tool turning-lathe was taken for consideration of problem. Vibrations appear as a consequence of disturbing force effects on behaviour of machine tool during dynamical cutting process in which the parameters of dynamic systems change. With the analysis of the influence of vibrations on the tool, during the cutting process a conclusion can be reached that vibrations which have an effect on tool holder in the cutting process are transferred on the complete machine tool holder. With the constructive tool holder of machine tool solution, that is changing existing construction solution and selecting more optimal machining parameters we can optimize vibrations' amplitudes on the tool holder and remove the negative effect they have on machine tool in the cutting process. In this way we prevent the negative effect on the product as the main result of machine tool functioning.