Diversification of gas sources to improve security of supply using an integrated Multiple Criteria Decision Making approach

A robust and resilient gas network is crucial for ensuring supply security and economic growth, which can be achieved by having a diverse, cost-efficient, and sustainable gas supply. This study highlights the importance of natural gas and natural gas networks in a low-carbon future and examines the drivers of gas supply diversification. A comprehensive review of various potential gas sources based on cost, availability, quality, and sustainability is performed. An integrated Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach is developed to identify the best alternative gas source for diversifying the gas supply. The implementation of the integrated MCDM approach is demonstrated using 2 case studies: Ireland and Portugal, both countries having significant dependencies on gas imports to supply their gas demand. Developing biomethane production is identified as the most suitable option for diversification in Ireland, followed by floating LNG. Expanding permanent gas storage capacity is identified as the most suitable diversification option for Portugal, followed by the completion of the on-going pipeline interconnector project.