A Fully-Integrated 71 nW CMOS Temperature Sensor for Low Power Wireless Sensor Nodes

被引：173
作者：
Jeong, Seokhyeon [1 ]
Foo, Zhiyoong [1 ]
Lee, Yoonmyung [1 ]
Sim, Jae-Yoon [2 ]
Blaauw, David [1 ]
Sylvester, Dennis [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Pohang Univ Sci & Technol POSTECH, Pohang 790784, Kyungbuk, South Korea
来源：
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS | 2014年 / 49卷 / 08期
基金：
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词：
Fully integrated; subthreshold; temperature sensor; ultra-low power; wireless sensor node; INACCURACY; 3-SIGMA; -55-DEGREES-C;
D O I：
10.1109/JSSC.2014.2325574
中图分类号：
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号：
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要：
We propose a fully-integrated temperature sensor for battery-operated, ultra-low power microsystems. Sensor operation is based on temperature independent/dependent current sources that are used with oscillators and counters to generate a digital temperature code. A conventional approach to generate these currents is to drop a temperature sensitive voltage across a resistor. Since a large resistance is required to achieve nWs of power consumption with typical voltage levels (100 s of mV to 1 V), we introduce a new sensing element that outputs only 75 mV to save both power and area. The sensor is implemented in 0.18 mu m CMOS and occupies 0.09 mm(2) while consuming 71 nW. After 2-point calibration, an inaccuracy of +1.5 degrees C/-1.4 degrees C is achieved across 0 degrees C to 100 degrees C. With a conversion time of 30 ms, 0.3 degrees C (rms) resolution is achieved. The sensor does not require any external references and consumes 2.2 nJ per conversion. The sensor is integrated into a wireless sensor node to demonstrate its operation at a system level.
引用
收藏
页码：1682 / 1693
页数：12
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