A single-centre experience and literature review of Flow Re-Directional Endoluminal Device (FRED) in endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms

AIM: To present initial single-centre experience with the Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device, FRED. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study. All patients treated with FRED from October 2015 to April 2017 were included in the study. Details of the aneurysms, complications as well as follow-up results were recorded. A PubMed search was performed using the keywords "Flow Re-Direction Endoluminal Device", "FRED", "flow diverter", "FD", "FD Stent", "flow re-direction" and "flow redirection" and the results were reviewed and compared to the present authors. RESULTS: A total of 21 patients with 25 aneurysms were analysed. No patient was lost to follow-up. At 6 months follow-up, 17 aneurysms (68%) were completely occluded, five had reduced flow, two had persistent flow and the remaining one showed increased flow. Two aneurysms from the reduced flow at 6 months had achieved complete occlusion at 1 year, raising the complete occlusion rate to 76%. Overall, 22/25 (88%) aneurysms were either occluded completely or had reduced flow at 1 year. The appearances of the other aneurysms were stable in subsequent follow-ups. Three complications were recorded (one haemorrhagic, two occlusive/thromboembolic). There was no mortality in the present study. The occlusion rate at University Hospital of Wales as well as the complication rate was comparable to other centres on published data. CONCLUSION: FRED is a safe and effective flow diverter, which can be used to treat complex aneurysms that would have been of higher risk and for which for conventional coiling would be ineffective or unsuitable. (C) 2020 The Royal College of Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.