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Bacterial Genome Instability
被引:286
作者:
Darmon, Elise
[1
]
Leach, David R. F.
[1
]
机构:
[1] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Cell Biol, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland
基金:
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词:
HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER;
TOXIN-ANTITOXIN SYSTEMS;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12;
RESTRICTION-MODIFICATION SYSTEMS;
CRISPR-CAS SYSTEMS;
DIVERSITY-GENERATING RETROELEMENTS;
INTERSPERSED MOSAIC ELEMENTS;
ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM;
REPEAT TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT;
SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS;
D O I:
10.1128/MMBR.00035-13
中图分类号:
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号:
071005 ;
100705 ;
摘要:
Bacterial genomes are remarkably stable from one generation to the next but are plastic on an evolutionary time scale, substantially shaped by horizontal gene transfer, genome rearrangement, and the activities of mobile DNA elements. This implies the existence of a delicate balance between the maintenance of genome stability and the tolerance of genome instability. In this review, we describe the specialized genetic elements and the endogenous processes that contribute to genome instability. We then discuss the consequences of genome instability at the physiological level, where cells have harnessed instability to mediate phase and antigenic variation, and at the evolutionary level, where horizontal gene transfer has played an important role. Indeed, this ability to share DNA sequences has played a major part in the evolution of life on Earth. The evolutionary plasticity of bacterial genomes, coupled with the vast numbers of bacteria on the planet, substantially limits our ability to control disease.
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页码:1 / 39
页数:39
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