The world has over 1 billion people without access to safe drinking water and it is expected that the number of people living in water-stressed or water-scarce places will increase to 3.4 billion by 2025 and one cannot ignore the effect such a situation will have on the vulnerable groups. The current study among other things examines household water insecurity and assesses its impact on vulnerable groups especially women and children in Dungu, a rural community in the northern region of Ghana. Relying on 125 respondents sampled, the findings show that the main source of drinking water in the community, a dam, fails to fulfil the household water security situation with respect to quantity, quality, reliability and accessibility. Because of the unwholesome nature of the water, the majority of the respondents treat water by using cloth filtering, boiling and the use of alum. Contentiously, the insecurity of water in the community has numerous negative effects ranging from health to economic effects on women and children who have to walk for 2 km in search of water and this could be reduced with the availability of a good quality water source close to home.
