Addition to the lichen flora of Madeira with special focus on lichenicolous fungi

One hundred lichenicolous fungi and 48 lichenized ascomycetes are reported for the first time from Madeira. Among them 35 lichenicolous taxa are first records in Macaronesia (Abrothallus suecicus, Arthonia columbiana, Bloxamia leucophthalma, Capronia epilobarina, Cladophialophora parmeliae, Chalara lobariae, Didymocyrtis foliaceiphila, D. slaponiensis, Endococcus propinquus, E. verrucisporus, Endophragmiella franconica, Epibryon conductrix, Epicladonia stenospora, Intralichen lichenum, Leptosphaerulina peltigerae, Lichenoconium cargillianum, L. follmannii, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, Niesslia peltigeriicola, Phaeospora parasitica, Phoma peltigerae, Polycoccum alboatrum, P. decolorans, P. deformans, Pronectria anisospora, P. leptogii, Skyttea megalosporae, Sphaerellothecium cladoniae, Stigmidium degelii, S. lobariae, S. peltidae, Trichonectria australis, Tubeufia heterodermiae, Xenonectriella aurantiaca, Zwackhiomyces kiszkianus); seven taxa are reported for the first time from Europe (Abrothallus usneae var. tetraspora, Llimoniella pertusariae, Opegrapha melanospila, Stromatopogon geminatum, Trichonectria usneicola, Xenonectriella rosea, and Zwackhiomyces kantvilasii). The lichenicolous fungi Arthonia griseopruinosa, A. leucomelodis, Opegrapha hafellneri, Pronectria neofissuriprodiens, Stigmidium parmotrematis, and S. placopsidis are described as new for science. The new combination Zwackhiomacromyces hyalosporum is proposed. Among 48 taxa of lichens new for Madeira 14 are first records from Macaronesia (Catapyenium daedaleum, Collemopsidium sublitorale, Dermatocarpon rivulorum, lonaspis lacustris, Leptogium plicatile, L. tenuissimum, Lichenomphalia umbellifera, Melaspilea proximella, Polysporina simplex, Pseudosagedia globulans, P. interjungens, Rhizocarpon Sporodictyon cruentum, Thelenella modesta); two lichens are new for Europe (Bacidina clystallifera, Malmidea fuscella). We succeeded to locate some amphibious lichen associations not known until now in Madeira.