Hapten-Induced Contact Hypersensitivity, Autoimmune Reactions, and Tumor Regression: Plausibility of Mediating Antitumor Immunity

被引:52
作者
Erkes, Dan A. [1 ]
Selvan, Senthamil R. [2 ]
机构
[1] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Immunol & Microbial Pathogenesis Grad Program, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
[2] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Med Oncol, Div Solid Tumor, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA
关键词
CD8(+) T-CELLS; DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; MODIFIED MELANOMA VACCINE; DERMAL DENDRITIC CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; GAMMA-DELTA; NKT CELLS; B-1; CELLS;
D O I
10.1155/2014/175265
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Haptens are small molecule irritants that bind to proteins and elicit an immune response. Haptens have been commonly used to study allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) using animal contact hypersensitivity (CHS) models. However, extensive research into contact hypersensitivity has offered a confusing and intriguing mechanism of allergic reactions occurring in the skin. The abilities of haptens to induce such reactions have been frequently utilized to study the mechanisms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) to induce autoimmune-like responses such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia and to elicit viral wart and tumor regression. Hapten-induced tumor regression has been studied since the mid-1900s and relies on four major concepts: (1) ex vivo haptenation, (2) in situ haptenation, (3) epifocal hapten application, and (4) antigen-hapten conjugate injection. Each of these approaches elicits unique responses in mice and humans. The present review attempts to provide a critical appraisal of the hapten-mediated tumor treatments and offers insights for future development of the field.
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页数:28
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