Performance Analysis and Feedback Control of ATRIAS, A Three-Dimensional Bipedal Robot

被引:111
|
作者
Ramezani, Alireza [1 ]
Hurst, Jonathan W. [2 ]
Hamed, Kaveh Akbari [3 ]
Grizzle, J. W. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[2] Oregon State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
[3] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
来源
JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME | 2014年 / 136卷 / 02期
关键词
HYBRID ZERO DYNAMICS; WALKING ROBOT; EFFICIENT; MODEL;
D O I
10.1115/1.4025693
中图分类号
TP [自动化技术、计算机技术];
学科分类号
0812 ;
摘要
This paper develops feedback controllers for walking in 3D, on level ground, with energy efficiency as the performance objective. Assume The Robot Is A Sphere (ATRIAS) 2.1 is a new robot that has been designed for the study of 3D bipedal locomotion, with the aim of combining energy efficiency, speed, and robustness with respect to natural terrain variations in a single platform. The robot is highly underactuated, having 6 actuators and, in single support, 13 degrees of freedom. Its sagittal plane dynamics are designed to embody the spring loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP), which has been shown to provide a dynamic model of the body center of mass during steady running gaits of a wide diversity of terrestrial animals. A detailed dynamic model is used to optimize walking gaits with respect to the cost of mechanical transport (CMT), a dimensionless measure of energetic efficiency, for walking speeds ranging from 0.5 (m/s) to 1.4 (m/s). A feedback controller is designed that stabilizes the 3D walking gaits, despite the high degree of underactuation of the robot. The 3D results are illustrated in simulation. In experiments on a planarized (2D) version of the robot, the controller yielded stable walking.
引用
收藏
页数:12
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