Radiofrequency radiation from nearby base stations gives high levels in an apartment in Stockholm, Sweden: A case report

被引:31
|
作者
Hardell, Lennart [1 ,2 ]
Carlberg, Michael [1 ,2 ]
Hedendahl, Lena K. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Orebro Univ, Fac Med & Hlth, Dept Oncol, 1 Fak Gatan, SE-70182 Orebro, Sweden
[2] Environm & Canc Res Fdn, Studievagen 35, SE-70217 Orebro, Sweden
[3] Independent Environm & Hlth Res Lulea, SE-97253 Lulea, Sweden
关键词
radiofrequency radiation; microwaves; measurement; exposure; health; cancer; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD EXPOSURE; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; INTENSITY MICROWAVE-RADIATION; INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; NERVE-CELL DAMAGE; WI-FI EQUIPMENT; MOBILE PHONE; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; POOLED ANALYSIS;
D O I
10.3892/ol.2018.8285
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Exposure to radiofrequency (RF) radiation was classified in 2011 as a possible human carcinogen, Group 2B, by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organisation. Evidence of the risk of cancer risk has since strengthened. Exposure is changing due to the rapid development of technology resulting in increased ambient radiation. RF radiation of sufficient intensity heats tissues, but the energy is insufficient to cause ionization, hence it is called non-ionizing radiation. These non-thermal exposure levels have resulted in biological effects in humans, animals and cells, including an increased cancer risk. In the present study, the levels of RF radiation were measured in an apartment close to two groups of mobile phone base stations on the roof. A total of 74,531 measurements were made corresponding to similar to 83 h of recording. The total mean RF radiation level was 3,811 mu W/m(2) (range 15.2-112,318 mu W/m(2)) for the measurement of the whole apartment, including balconies. Particularly high levels were measured on three balconies and 3 of 4 bedrooms. The total mean RF radiation level decreased by 98% when the measured down-links from the base stations for 2, 3 and 4 G were disregarded. The results are discussed in relation to the detrimental health effects of non-thermal RF radiation. Due to the current high RF radiation, the apartment is not suitable for long-term living, particularly for children who may be more sensitive than adults. For a definitive conclusion regarding the effect of RF radiation from nearby base stations, one option would be to turn them off and repeat the measurements. However, the simplest and safest solution would be to turn them off and dismantle them.
引用
收藏
页码:7871 / 7883
页数:13
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