The potential influence of SARS-COV-2 infection on cardiac biomarkers in al-Madinah patient

Background and aim: There have been increasing evidence that some biomarker levels may be altered according to the severity of Covid-19. The largest datasets have been published in the Asian population, owing to the location of the original outbreak. However, it is possible that the clinical features of Covid-19 may be somewhat different in other populations around the world. Comorbidities that have been associated with severe illness and mortality include cardiovascular disease, chronic renal and chronic lung diseases. The current work aimed to evaluate the effects of Covid-19 on cardiac function by analyzing the levels of cardiac enzymes and proteins in Saudi Covid-19 patients. Methods and Results: This was a prospective study was conducted between May 2020 to July 2020. A total of 100 adult Saudi Covid-19 patients were randomly collected from different hospitals (Ohud-King Fahd and Al-Madinah General hospitals) in Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah, Saudi Arabia. GraphPad Prism (version 5.01) was used to analyze the patient's data. Biochemical parameters were compared by unpaired t-tests and one-way ANOVA, and the data were represented as the mean (standard deviation). There were significantly increased levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and troponin in severe Covid-19 cases compared with mild and asymptotic cases. In addition, there were significantly increased levels of C-reactive protein and ferritin in Covid-19 patients. There were also strong positive correlations between cardiac biomarkers and inflammatory markers in severe Covid-19 patients. Conclusion: In Saudi Covid-19 patients, increased cardiac biomarker levels were correlated with increased levels of inflammatory markers (CRP and ferritin), suggesting that these patients are at high risk for cardiac damage and injury during the disease period.