Renewable Energy-Aware IoT Data Aggregation for Fog Computing

This paper considers the problem of renewable energy and spectrum allocation for a fog-based IoT network where the fog node can request energy from multiple renewable power suppliers (RPSs) to serve the end devices. We consider that RPSs of different relay nodes can form coalitions. RPSs in the same coalition can better coordinate their price strategy. Then, we analyze an independent RPS's incentive to join a coalition or stay independent, and a nonindependent RPS's incentive to deviate to join other coalitions or stay in present coalition. Then, in this paper, we achieve the Nash stable coalition structure, and the corresponding energy pricing for the structure. Finally, we give simulation results, and results show that RPSs, the fog node, and spectrum owner can benefit from coalitions.