GerES IV Pilot Study: Assessment of the exposure of German children to organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides

被引:138
作者
Becker, Kerstin
Seiwert, Margarete
Angerer, Juergen
Kolossa-Gehring, Marike
Hoppe, Hans-Wolfgang
Ball, Michael
Schulz, Christine
Thumulla, Joerg
Seifert, Bernd
机构
[1] Umweltbundesamt Fed Environm Agcy, Dept Environm Hyg, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
[2] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst & Outpatient Clin Occupat Social & Environm, Erlangen, Germany
[3] Med Lab, Bremen, Germany
[4] Ergo Forschungsgesell, Hamburg, Germany
[5] AnBUS EV, Furth, Germany
关键词
German environmental survey; GerES; organophosphates; pesticides; pyrethroids; metabolites; children; urine; exposure; human biomonitoring; house dust samples;
D O I
10.1016/j.ijheh.2005.12.002
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Organophosphorus pesticides and pyrethroids are widely used in German agriculture and residential settings. Their occurrence in human biological samples can be used as an indicator for the exposure of children to these compounds. Using multivariate evaluation the routes of exposure can be identified. In the pilot study of GerES IV, metabolites of pyrethroids and organophosporus pesticides were analysed in urine of children aged 2-17 years (n = 396 and 363). The 95th percentiles for the metabolites of the pyrethroids in urine were: cis-DCCA 0.74 mu g/l, trans-DCCA 1.7 mu g/l, DBCA 0.52 mu g/l F-PBA < 0.1 mu g/l, and 3-PBA 2.4 mu g/l. 3-PBA was detected in 90% of the samples. The 95th percentiles for the organophosphorus metabolites in urine were: DMP 118 mu g/l, DEP 20 mu g/l, DMTP 124 mu g/l, DETP 11 mu g/l, DMDTP 11 mu g/l, DEDTP < 1.0 mu g/l. DMTP was the metabolite most frequently detected in the samples (90%). Based on the metabolites analysed in urine the exposure to organophosphorus pesticides is mainly influenced by age, consumption of fresh fruits and fruit juice, living in an urban area, and season. A rough estimation revealed that the ADI values for organophosphorus pesticides might be exceeded. However, these results require further exploration. The exposure to pyrethroids is influenced by age, sampling location, consumption of boiled vegetables, and the use of biocides indoors at home. In addition, a significant correlation between permethrin in house dust and the metabolite concentrations in urine could be observed. Thus it seems likely that ingestion of house dust contributes to children's exposure. (c) 2006 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:221 / 233
页数:13
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