Combined treatment of steroids and cyclosporine in Kimura disease

Kimura disease is a rare but distinctive chronic eosinophilic inflammatory disorder that is characterized by tumor-like lesions in the soft tissue and lymph nodes of the head and neck or parotid gland. Recently, many immunopathogenetic features of underlying T lymphocytes and related cytokines have been noted in Kimura disease. However, few previous studies have investigated the serial levels of cytokines in children. In this report we describe an 11-year-old Japanese boy with relapsing Kimura disease. Before the diagnosis of Kimura disease, the patient had a swelling on his left neck. Steroids were effective, but the tumor relapsed within a few months as the steroids were tapered. He was treated with steroids and cyclosporine. This treatment was done by measuring serial levels of serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and eosinophil cationic protein. These results suggest the activation of T-helper cells and T-helper 2 cytokines, that after activated B cells and eosinophilic infiltration play an important role in Kimura disease, and that cyclosporine suppresses the activity of this disease.