Adult Type Granulosa Cell Tumour in a Peri-Menopausal Woman: A Rare Ovarian Malignancy

Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are exceedingly rare neoplasms that originate from sex-cord stromal cells. The long natural history of granulosa cell tumors and their tendency to recur years after the initial diagnosis are the most prominent of their characteristics. The secretion of estradiol is the reason for signs at presentation such as vaginal bleeding and precocious puberty. Abdominal pain and hemoperitoneum, which occasionally can occur, are attributable to tumor rupture. The most common finding in pelvic examination is a tumor mass, which is subsequently confirmed with imaging techniques. Surgery is the mainstay of initial management for histological diagnosis, appropriate staging, and debulking. Chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for patients with advanced, recurrent, or metastatic disease, and BEP is the preferred regimen. Although the overall rate of response to treatment is high, the impact of treatment on disease-free or overall survival is unknown. Prolonged surveillance is mandatory because tumors tend to recur years after the initial diagnosis. Here we present a rare case of Granulosa cell tumour in a perimenopausal woman. Massive ascites as the first sign of ovarian granulosa cell tumor (GCT) in a peri-menopausal female is an extremely rare presentation and its clinical features and treatment methods have not been well described yet.