Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome in adult population of the Community of Madrid

Backgrounds and objective: Previous studies have suggested an association between MS and vitamin D deficiency, but data are not conclusive. This study was intended to find out if metabolic syndrome, according to the 2009 IDF/AHA/NHLBI, is associated to the presence of vitamin D deficiency. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 326 subjects aged 18 years or older, recruited from a health center in Alcala de Henares. Participants underwent an interview and a standardized clinical examination. In a second visit, blood tests were performed in 255 subjects to quantify serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 OH-VitD) and different laboratory parameters associated to MS. The association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome (and each of its components) was examined. Results: In the study population, MS prevalence was 36.1% and prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25 OH-Vit D < 20 ng/mL) was 56.3%. MS was more common in the group of patients with vitamin D deficiency (43.4%) than in the group with no deficiency (26.8%, P=.006), with an estimated prevalence ratio of 1.62 (95% CI: 1.13-2.31). Adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index did not change such association. Conclusions: There is a significant association between vitamin D deficiency and MS. Both conditions are highly prevalent in our population. (C) 2014 SEEN. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U. All rights reserved.