Multifunctional magneto-polymer matrix composites for electromagnetic interference suppression, sensors and actuators

Multi-functional fiber reinforced composites with magnetic properties offer great potential for enabling new applications in a diverse range of industry sectors, such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and civil infrastructures. By incorporating magnetic properties into existing fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRPC), it is possible to enhance their magnetic permeability and tailor their responses to external electrostatic, magnetostatic or electromagnetic fields. With improved magnetic permeability, these new multi-functional composites offer new solutions in waveform conditioning, structural health monitoring, integrated sensors, lightweight motors and actuators, and electromagnetic interference shielding. In these applications, the additional magnetic functionalities can be optimized to improve mass efficiency, environmental durability, affordable maintenance and safety. Herein we present a critical review of fiber-reinforced magneto-polymer matrix composites regarding material selection, microstructural design, functional mechanisms, manufacturing processes, recent innovative applications, challenges and future opportunities. Throughout, a specific focus is placed on the fundamental material properties and composite architectures required to achieve desired functions and meet overall multifunctional design objectives.