Combined Applications of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers with Manure Increase Maize Yield and Nutrient Uptake via Stimulating Root Growth in a Long-Term Experiment

被引:112
作者
Wen Zhihui [1 ]
Shen Jianbo [1 ]
Blackwell, Martin [2 ]
Li Haigang [1 ]
Zhao Bingqiang [3 ]
Yuan Huimin [1 ]
机构
[1] China Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China
[2] Rothamsted Res, North Wyke EX20 2SB, Okehampton, England
[3] China Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, 12 Zhongguancun South St, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China
基金
英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
apparent N surplus; degraded soils; chemical fertilizers; nitrate nitrogen; root length density; soil mineral N; soil Olson-P; SATURATED SOIL FERTILITY; SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE; ORGANIC MANURE; BENCH MARKS; NITRATE; MANAGEMENT; PLANT; CROP; ENVIRONMENT; ADAPTATION;
D O I
10.1016/S1002-0160(15)60023-6
中图分类号
S15 [土壤学];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
Imbalanced application of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers can result in reduced crop yield, low nutrient use efficiency, and high loss of nutrients and soil nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) accumulation decreases when N is applied with P and/or manure; however, the effect of applications of N with P and/or manure on root growth and distribution in the soil profile is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effects of different N and P fertilizer application rates with or without manure on maize (Zea mays L.) yield, N uptake, root growth, apparent N surplus, Olsen-P concentration, and mineral N (N-min) accumulation in a fluvo-aquic calcareous soil from a long-term (28-year) experiment. The experiment comprised twelve combinations of chemical N and P fertilizers, either with or without chicken manure, as treatments in four replicates. The yield of maize grain was 82% higher, the N uptake 100% higher, and the N-min accumulation 39% lower in the treatments with combined N and P in comparison to N fertilizer only. The maize root length density in the 30-60 cm layer was three times greater in the treatments with N and P fertilizers than with N fertilizer only. Manure addition increased maize yield by 50% and N uptake by 43%, and reduced N-min (mostly NO3--N) accumulation in the soil by 46%. The long-term application of manure and P fertilizer resulted in significant increases in soil Olsen-P concentration when no N fertilizer was applied. Manure application reduced the apparent N surplus for all treatments. These results suggest that combined N and P fertilizer applications could enhance maize grain yield and nutrient uptake via stimulating root growth, leading to reduced accumulation of potentially leachable NO3--N in soil, and manure application was a practical way to improve degraded soils in China and the rest of the world.
引用
收藏
页码:62 / 73
页数:12
相关论文
共 53 条
[1]  
[Anonymous], 1999, SAS/STAT user's guide, version 9, volume 2
[2]   The critical soil P levels for crop yield, soil fertility and environmental safety in different soil types [J].
Bai, Zhaohai ;
Li, Haigang ;
Yang, Xueyun ;
Zhou, Baoku ;
Shi, Xiaojun ;
Wang, Boren ;
Li, Dongchu ;
Shen, Jianbo ;
Chen, Qing ;
Qin, Wei ;
Oenema, Oene ;
Zhang, Fusuo .
PLANT AND SOIL, 2013, 372 (1-2) :27-37
[3]   Straw incorporation and immobilization of spring-applied nitrogen [J].
Bhogal, A ;
Young, SD ;
SylvesterBradley, R .
SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT, 1997, 13 (03) :111-116
[4]  
Bohm W., 1979, METHODS STUDYING ROO
[5]   Phosphorus management in low input stockless cropping systems: Crop and soil responses to contrasting P regimes in a 36-year experiment in southern France [J].
Colomb, B. ;
Debaeke, P. ;
Jouany, C. ;
Nolot, J. M. .
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY, 2007, 26 (02) :154-165
[6]   Organic farming and the environment, with particular reference to Australia: A review [J].
Conacher, J ;
Conacher, A .
BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE, 1998, 16 (02) :145-171
[7]  
DUNCAN W. G., 1958, AGRON JOUR, V50, P605
[8]   Accumulation of nitrate-N in the soil profile and its implications for the environment under dryland agriculture in northern China: A review [J].
Fan, Jun ;
Hao, Mingde ;
Malhi, S. S. .
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE, 2010, 90 (03) :429-440
[9]  
Fitter A, 2002, P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI, V269, P2017, DOI 10.1098/rspb.2002.2120
[10]   Fertilizing Nature: A Tragedy of Excess in the Commons [J].
Good, Allen G. ;
Beatty, Perrin H. .
PLOS BIOLOGY, 2011, 9 (08)