Numerical study of rogue wave forces on flat decks based on the Peregrine breather solution under finite water depth

Rogue waves are extreme gravity waves that occur sporadically in the sea and vanish subsequently without a trace, posing great threats to marine, offshore and coastal structures. This paper presents a numerical study of rogue wave forces on submerged and elevated flat decks based on the Peregrine breather solution under finite water depth through a total of 294 simulation cases. A two-dimensional numerical wave tank is built and an in-house solver is applied to solve the wave-deck interactions. Peregrine breather solution of nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) is used for the rogue wave generation. Validations on nonlinear wave forces and rogue wave generations are conducted. Comparisons between rogue wave and solitary wave cases are made to reveal the characteristics of the interaction phenomena, free surface elevations and nonlinear wave forces induced by rogue waves. Parametric study on the influences of water depth, deck submergence (elevation), carrier wave number and wave crest height on rogue wave forces are performed, from which simple empirical formulae are proposed for the preliminary prediction of the maximum rogue wave forces. The consideration of Peregrine breather type rogue waves might be innovative, while the simulation results and proposed formulae might have reference values in engineering practice. (C) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.