Cortical auditory evoked potential in assessment of neonates: a study about minimum level of responses in term and preterm newborns

Introduction: The study of the threshold level of cortical auditory response in adults has been investigated in previous studies. Due to maturational issues, little is known about these responses in neonates. Technological advances with automatic analysis devices now allow investigation in specific populations. Thus, new studies are needed to establish the feasibility of using this auditory potential to identify the lowest levels of responses in children. Objective: Verify and compare latency and amplitude in 80 dBnNA and the minimum level of cortical auditory response in term and preterm neonates. Methods: A cross-sectional, comparative study involving 59 neonates, 35 full-term births and 24 preterm births, with positive results in the Neonatal Hearing Screening. The Hearlab system was used to investigate the P1i auditory potential with tone burst stimulus at frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz. The minimum response level search ranged from 80 to 0 dBNA and was detected automatically. The results were compared between groups, evaluating the latency and amplitude in 80 dBNA and the minimum level of cortical auditory response. Results: The mean values obtained for the minimum level of cortical auditory response in term group were 26 +/- 8.81; 26.14 +/- 6.97; 29 +/- 7.65 and 29.43 +/- 7.04 dBNA and for preterm neonates of 31.96 +/- 10.41; 34.13 +/- 11.34; 33.64 +/- 11.03 and 37.73 +/- 11.92 dBNA, for the frequencies of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz, respectively. There was a difference between groups for the latency of P1i at 4000 Hz and the minimum response levels at 500, 1000 and 4000 Hz, with higher values for preterm infants. Conclusion: It was possible to obtain latency and amplitude values at 80 dBnNA and the minimum level of cortical response in term and preterm newborns, with different results between groups, with higher values in those born preterm. (C) 2019 Associacao Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.