Impact of a 30% reduction in Atlantic meridional overturning during 2009-2010

被引：62

作者：

Bryden, H. L. ^{[1
]}

King, B. A. ^{[2
]}

McCarthy, G. D. ^{[2
]}

McDonagh, E. L. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr Southampton, Southampton, Hants, England

[2] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England

来源：

OCEAN SCIENCE | 2014年 / 10卷 / 04期

基金：

美国海洋和大气管理局; 美国国家科学基金会; 英国自然环境研究理事会;

关键词：

CIRCULATION; VARIABILITY; ANOMALIES;

D O I：

10.5194/os-10-683-2014

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation comprises warm upper waters flowing northward, becoming colder and denser until they form deep water in the Labrador and Nordic Seas that then returns southward through the North and South Atlantic. The ocean heat transport associated with this circulation is 1.3 PW, accounting for 25% of the maximum combined atmosphere-ocean heat transport necessary to balance the Earth's radiation budget. We have been monitoring the circulation at 25 degrees N since 2004. A 30% slowdown in the circulation for 14 months during 2009-2010 reduced northward ocean heat transport across 25 degrees N by 0.4 PW and resulted in colder upper ocean waters north of 25 degrees N and warmer waters south of 25 degrees N. The spatial pattern of upper ocean temperature anomalies helped push the wintertime circulation 2010-2011 into record-low negative NAO (North Atlantic Oscillation) conditions with accompanying severe winter conditions over northwestern Europe. The warmer temperatures south of 25 degrees N contributed to the high intensity hurricane season in summer 2010.

引用

页码：683 / 691

页数：9

共 19 条

[1]

[Anonymous], 2013, OCEAN CIRCULATION CL, DOI DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-391851-2.00021-0

[2] A NEW AIR-SEA INTERACTION GRIDDED DATASET FROM ICOADS WITH UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATES [J].

Berry, David I. ;

Kent, Elizabeth C. .

BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2009, 90 (05) :645-+

[3] North Atlantic SST Anomalies and the Cold North European Weather Events of Winter 2009/10 and December 2010 [J].

Buchan, Jian ;

Hirschi, Joel J. -M. ;

Blaker, Adam T. ;

Sinha, Bablu .

MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW, 2014, 142 (02) :922-932

[4] Investigating the impact of reemerging sea surface temperature anomalies on the winter atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic [J].

Cassou, Christophe ;

Deser, Clara ;

Alexander, Michael A. .

JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, 2007, 20 (14) :3510-3526

[5] Temporal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26.5°N [J].

Cunningham, Stuart A. ;

Kanzow, Torsten ;

Rayner, Darren ;

Baringer, Molly O. ;

Johns, William E. ;

Marotzke, Jochem ;

Longworth, Hannah R. ;

Grant, Elizabeth M. ;

Hirschi, Joel J. -M. ;

Beal, Lisa M. ;

Meinen, Christopher S. ;

Bryden, Harry L. .

SCIENCE, 2007, 317 (5840) :935-938

[6] Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation slowdown cooled the subtropical ocean [J].

Cunningham, Stuart A. ;

Roberts, Christopher D. ;

Frajka-Williams, Eleanor ;

Johns, William E. ;

Hobbs, Will ;

Palmer, Matthew D. ;

Rayner, Darren ;

Smeed, David A. ;

McCarthy, Gerard .

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 2013, 40 (23) :6202-6207

[7] The ERA-Interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system [J].

Dee, D. P. ;

Uppala, S. M. ;

Simmons, A. J. ;

Berrisford, P. ;

Poli, P. ;

Kobayashi, S. ;

Andrae, U. ;

Balmaseda, M. A. ;

Balsamo, G. ;

Bauer, P. ;

Bechtold, P. ;

Beljaars, A. C. M. ;

van de Berg, L. ;

Bidlot, J. ;

Bormann, N. ;

Delsol, C. ;

Dragani, R. ;

Fuentes, M. ;

Geer, A. J. ;

Haimberger, L. ;

Healy, S. B. ;

Hersbach, H. ;

Holm, E. V. ;

Isaksen, L. ;

Kallberg, P. ;

Koehler, M. ;

Matricardi, M. ;

McNally, A. P. ;

Monge-Sanz, B. M. ;

Morcrette, J. -J. ;

Park, B. -K. ;

Peubey, C. ;

de Rosnay, P. ;

Tavolato, C. ;

Thepaut, J. -N. ;

Vitart, F. .

QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, 2011, 137 (656) :553-597

[8]

Duchez A., 2014, J CLIMATE IN PRESS

[9] Increasing destructiveness of tropical cyclones over the past 30 years [J].

Emanuel, K .

NATURE, 2005, 436 (7051) :686-688

[10] THE DEPENDENCE OF HURRICANE INTENSITY ON CLIMATE [J].

EMANUEL, KA .

NATURE, 1987, 326 (6112) :483-485

← 1 2 →