The deployment of social media by political authorities and health experts to enhance public information during the COVID-19 pandemic

Social media have increasingly been used by political bodies and experts to disseminate health information to the public. However, we still know little about how the communication of these actors on social media is received by other users and how it reflects trends in public trust. We examined social media dynamics in the communication of information by major actors (n = 188) involved in COVID-19 online discussions in Switzerland. These actors are scientists (experts), policymakers (government officials, cantonal executives, and other parties), and representatives of mass media. We found little correlation between Twitter features (other users' engagement and negativity in other users' replies) and the level of public trust found in representative opinion surveys. We used topic modelling in combination with correspondence analysis, and including additional variables for actor types and the period of the public debate further enabled us to detect salient episodes related to the pandemic on social media. In particular, we found that differing roles were played by the (health) experts and political authorities in terms of both topics and influence on the specific timing of the pandemic. The results of this study provide helpful conclusions for communication among political authorities, health experts, and the public.