School-based obesity prevention programs in rural communities: a scoping review

被引:3
作者
Lim, Crystal S. [1 ,2 ]
Robinson, Jennifer [2 ,3 ]
Hinton, Elizabeth [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Gordy, Xiaoshan Z. [5 ]
Gamble, Abigail [6 ]
Compretta, Caroline [7 ]
Holmes, Megan E. [8 ]
Ravola, Martha [9 ]
机构
[1] Univ Mississippi, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA
[2] Mississippi Ctr Evidence Based Practice JBI Ctr E, Jackson, MS 39216 USA
[3] Univ Mississippi, Sch Nursing, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS USA
[4] Univ Mississippi, Rowland Med Lib, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS USA
[5] Univ Mississippi, Sch Hlth Related Profess, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS USA
[6] Univ Mississippi, Sch Populat Hlth, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS USA
[7] Univ Mississippi, Dept Prevent Med, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS USA
[8] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Kinesiol, Starkville, MS USA
[9] Alcorn State Univ, Sch Agr & Appl Sci, Lorman, MS USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
child health; pediatric obesity; preventive health programs; rural health; school health promotion; BODY-MASS INDEX; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY PROGRAM; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; UNITED-STATES; MIDDLE SCHOOL; INTERVENTION PROGRAM; ABORIGINAL CHILDREN; HEALTH APPROACH;
D O I
10.11124/JBIES-21-00233
中图分类号
R19 [保健组织与事业(卫生事业管理)];
学科分类号
摘要
Objective:The objective of this review was to examine existing literature and conceptually map the evidence for school-based obesity prevention programs implemented in rural communities, as well as identify current gaps in the literature. Introduction:Pediatric obesity is a significant public health condition worldwide. Rural residency places children at increased risk of obesity. Schools have been identified as an avenue for obesity prevention in rural communities. Inclusion criteria:We considered citations focused on children (5 to 18 years of age) enrolled in a rural educational setting. We included obesity prevention programs delivered in rural schools that focused on nutrition or dietary changes, physical activity or exercise, decreasing screen time, or combined nutrition and physical activity that aimed to prevent childhood obesity. We included all quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods research designs, as well as text and opinion data. Methods:A search was conducted of published and unpublished studies in English from 1990 through April 2020 using PubMed, CINAHL Complete, ERIC, Embase, Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Gray literature was also searched. After title and abstract review, potentially relevant citations were retrieved in full text. The full texts were assessed in detail against the inclusion criteria by 2 independent reviewers. Included citations were reviewed and data extracted by 2 independent reviewers and captured on a spreadsheet targeting the review objectives. Results:Of the 105 studies selected for full-text review, 72 (68.6%) were included in the final study. Most of the studies (n = 50) were published between 2010 and 2019 and were conducted in the United States (n = 57). Most studies included children in rural elementary or middle schools (n = 57) and targeted obesity prevention (n = 67). Teachers implemented the programs in half of the studies (n = 36). Most studies included a combination of physical activity and nutrition components (n = 43). Other studies focused solely on nutrition (n = 9) or physical activity (n = 9), targeted obesity prevention policies (n = 9), or other components (n = 8). Programs ranged in length from weeks to years. Overall, weight-related, physical activity-specific, and nutrition-specific outcomes were most commonly examined in the included citations. Conclusions:Obesity prevention programs that focused on a combination of physical activity and nutrition were the most common. Multiple outcomes were examined, but most programs included weight-specific and health behavior-specific outcomes. The length and intensity of rural school-based obesity prevention programs varied. More research examining scientific rigor and specific outcomes of rural school-based obesity prevention programs is needed.
引用
收藏
页码:2936 / 2985
页数:50
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