An intelligent ABC-based terminal sliding mode controller for load-frequency control of islanded micro-grids

In today's electric networks, micro-grids are highly integrated into power system regarding their technical, environmental, and economic advantages. Due to the stochastic behavior of loads and intermittent nature of renewable energy resources, the micro-grids are subjected to frequency oscillations especially in the islanded mode of operation. In this paper, an intelligent Terminal Sliding Mode Control (TSMC) based on Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) optimization algorithm is proposed for load-frequency control in islanded micro-grids composed of several energy resources. In TSMC approach, by designing the nonlinear sliding surface and using fractional power terms in surface, it is ensured that the states of system converge to the origin in the finite time. The finite-time stability not only guarantees the finite-time convergence of the state variables, but also provides a function with high accuracy. The parameters of the proposed terminal sliding mode controller are optimized using the presented evolutionary algorithm. The ABC algorithm introduces an intelligent TSMC showing an excellent performance in micro-grid's load-frequency control. The simulations are implemented in MATLAB, and the results are compared with PID control approach. The obtained results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach in damping of frequency oscillations during severe disturbances and uncertain conditions.