The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: A First Look at IC 5146

被引：18

作者：

Johnstone, D. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ciccone, S. ^{[1
,3
]}

Kirk, H. ^{[1
]}

Mairs, S. ^{[1
,2
]}

Buckle, J. ^{[4
,5
]}

Berry, D. S. ^{[6
]}

Broekhoven-Fiene, H. ^{[1
,2
]}

Currie, M. J. ^{[6
]}

Hatchell, J. ^{[7
]}

Jenness, T. ^{[8
]}

Mottram, J. C. ^{[9
,10
]}

Pattle, K. ^{[11
]}

Tisi, S. ^{[12
]}

Di Francesco, J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Hogerheijde, M. R. ^{[9
]}

Ward-Thompson, D. ^{[11
]}

Bastien, P. ^{[13
]}

Bresnahan, D. ^{[11
]}

Butner, H. ^{[14
]}

Chen, M. ^{[1
,2
]}

Chrysostomou, A. ^{[15
]}

Coude, S. ^{[13
]}

Davis, C. J. ^{[16
]}

Drabek-Maunder, E. ^{[17
]}

Duarte-Cabral, A. ^{[7
]}

Fich, M. ^{[12
]}

Fiege, J. ^{[18
]}

Friberg, P. ^{[6
]}

Friesen, R. ^{[19
]}

Fuller, G. A. ^{[20
]}

Graves, S. ^{[6
]}

Greaves, J. ^{[21
]}

Gregson, J. ^{[22
,23
]}

Holland, W. ^{[24
,25
]}

Joncas, G. ^{[26
]}

Kirk, J. M. ^{[11
]}

Knee, L. B. G. ^{[1
]}

Marsh, K.

Matthews, B. C. ^{[1
,2
]}

Moriarty-Schieven, G. ^{[1
]}

Mowat, C. ^{[7
]}

Nutter, D. ^{[27
]}

Pineda, J. E. ^{[20
,28
,29
]}

Salji, C. ^{[4
,5
]}

Rawlings, J. ^{[30
]}

Richer, J. ^{[4
,5
]}

Robertson, D.

Rosolowsky, E. ^{[31
]}

Rumble, D. ^{[7
]}

Sadavoy, S.

机构：

[1] NRC Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada

[2] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P IA1, Canada

[3] McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada

[4] Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, J J Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England

[5] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[6] East Asian Observ, 660 North Aohoku Pl,Univ Pk, Hilo, HI 96720 USA

[7] Univ Exeter, Phys & Astron, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England

[8] Large Synopt Survey Telescope Project Off, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

[9] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands

[10] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[11] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England

[12] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada

[13] Univ Montreal, Ctr Rech Astrophys Qubec, Dept Phys, C P 6128, succ. centre ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada

[14] James Madison Univ, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA

[15] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England

[16] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Egerton Warf, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England

[17] Imperial Coll London, Blackett Lab, Prince Consort Rd, London SW7 2BB, England

[18] Univ Manitoba, Dept Phys Astron, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada

[19] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada

[20] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Sch Phys & Astron, Alan Turing Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester, Lancs, England

[21] Univ St Andrews, Phys & Astron, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland

[22] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England

[23] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0NL, Oxon, England

[24] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[25] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Blackford Hill, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland

[26] Univ Laval, Ctr Rech astrophys Quebec, Dept phys genie phys & opt, 1045 Ave med, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada

[27] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, Wales

[28] European Southern Observ ESO, Garching, Germany

[29] Max Planck Inst Extraterrestrial Phys, Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[30] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England

[31] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada

[32] Univ Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia

[33] Natl Astron Observ China, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2017年 / 836卷 / 01期

基金：

加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会; 美国国家航空航天局; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

ISM: clouds; ISM: structure; stars: formation; stars: protostars; submillimeter: galaxies submillimeter: ISM; CLERK-MAXWELL-TELESCOPE; DARK CLOUD COMPLEX; SURVEY SCUBA-2 OBSERVATIONS; DENSE CORE CLUSTERS; C2D LEGACY CLOUDS; STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; ORION B; CLUMP IDENTIFICATION; AUTOMATED REDUCTION;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/aa5b95

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present 450 and 850 mu m submillimeter continuum observations of the IC 5146 star-forming region taken as part of the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope Gould Belt Survey. We investigate the location of bright submillimeter (clumped) emission with the larger-scale molecular cloud through comparison with extinction maps, and find that these denser structures correlate with higher cloud column density. Ninety-six individual submillimeter clumps are identified using FellWalker,. and their physical properties are examined. These clumps are found to be relatively massive, ranging from 0.5M. to 116M. with a mean mass of 8M. and a median mass of 3.7M.. A stability analysis for the clumps suggests that the majority are (thermally) Jeans stable, with M/M-J < 1. We further compare the locations of known protostars with the observed submillimeter emission, finding that younger protostars, i.e., Class 0 and I sources, are strongly correlated with submillimeter peaks and that the clumps with protostars are among the most Jeans unstable. Finally, we contrast the evolutionary conditions in the two major star-forming regions within IC 5146: the young cluster associated with the Cocoon Nebula and the more distributed star formation associated with the Northern Streamer filaments. The Cocoon Nebula appears to have converted a higher fraction of its mass into dense clumps and protostars, the clumps are more likely to be Jeans unstable, and a larger fraction of these remaining clumps contain embedded protostars. The Northern Streamer, however, has a larger number of clumps in total and a larger fraction of the known protostars are still embedded within these clumps.

引用

页数：21

共 88 条

[1] Characterizing interstellar filaments with Herschel in IC 5146 [J].

Arzoumanian, D. ;

Andre, Ph. ;

Didelon, P. ;

Koenyves, V. ;

Schneider, N. ;

Men'shchikov, A. ;

Sousbie, T. ;

Zavagno, A. ;

Bontemps, S. ;

Di Francesco, J. ;

Griffin, M. ;

Hennemann, M. ;

Hill, T. ;

Kirk, J. ;

Martin, P. ;

Minier, V. ;

Molinari, S. ;

Motte, F. ;

Peretto, N. ;

Pezzuto, S. ;

Spinoglio, L. ;

Ward-Thompson, D. ;

White, G. ;

Wilson, C. D. .

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2011, 529

[2]

Berry DS, 2007, ASTR SOC P, V376, P425

[3] FellWalker-A clump identification algorithm [J].

Berry, D. S. .

ASTRONOMY AND COMPUTING, 2015, 10 :22-31

[4]

Berry D. S., 2013, ASCL1311007

[5] BOYLES LAW AND GRAVITATIONAL INSTABILITY [J].

BONNOR, WB .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 1956, 116 (03) :351-359

[6]

Broekhoven-Fiene H., 2016, APJ UNPUB

[7] The JCMT Gould Belt Survey: SCUBA-2 observations of circumstellar discs in L 1495 [J].

Buckle, J. V. ;

Drabek-Maunder, E. ;

Greaves, J. ;

Richer, J. S. ;

Matthews, B. C. ;

Johnstone, D. ;

Kirk, H. ;

Beaulieu, S. F. ;

Berry, D. S. ;

Broekhoven-Fiene, H. ;

Currie, M. J. ;

Fich, M. ;

Hatchell, J. ;

Jenness, T. ;

Mottram, J. C. ;

Nutter, D. ;

Pattle, K. ;

Pineda, J. E. ;

Salji, C. ;

Tisi, S. ;

Di Francesco, J. ;

Hogerheijde, M. R. ;

Ward-Thompson, D. ;

Bastien, P. ;

Butner, H. ;

Chen, M. ;

Chrysostomou, A. ;

Coude, S. ;

Davis, C. J. ;

Duarte-Cabral, A. ;

Friberg, P. ;

Friesen, R. ;

Fuller, G. A. ;

Graves, S. ;

Gregson, J. ;

Holland, W. ;

Joncas, G. ;

Kirk, J. M. ;

Knee, L. B. G. ;

Mairs, S. ;

Marsh, K. ;

Moriarty-Schieven, G. ;

Rawlings, J. ;

Rosolowsky, E. ;

Rumble, D. ;

Sadavoy, S. ;

Thomas, H. ;

Tothill, N. ;

Viti, S. ;

White, G. J. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2015, 449 (03) :2472-2488

[8] The JCMT Legacy Survey of the Gould Belt: a first look at Orion B with HARP [J].

Buckle, J. V. ;

Curtis, E. I. ;

Roberts, J. F. ;

White, G. J. ;

Hatchell, J. ;

Brunt, C. ;

Butner, H. M. ;

Cavanagh, B. ;

Chrysostomou, A. ;

Davis, C. J. ;

Duarte-Cabral, A. ;

Etxaluze, M. ;

Di Francesco, J. ;

Friberg, P. ;

Friesen, R. ;

Fuller, G. A. ;

Graves, S. ;

Greaves, J. S. ;

Hogerheijde, M. R. ;

Johnstone, D. ;

Matthews, B. ;

Matthews, H. ;

Nutter, D. ;

Rawlings, J. M. C. ;

Richer, J. S. ;

Sadavoy, S. ;

Simpson, R. J. ;

Tothill, N. F. H. ;

Tsamis, Y. G. ;

Viti, S. ;

Ward-Thompson, D. ;

Wouterloot, J. G. A. ;

Yates, J. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2010, 401 (01) :204-222

[9] Extinction with 2MASS:: Star counts and reddening toward the North America and Pelican Nebulae [J].

Cambrésy, L ;

Beichman, CA ;

Jarrett, TH ;

Cutri, RM .

ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL, 2002, 123 (05) :2559-2573

[10]

Cambrésy L, 1999, ASTRON ASTROPHYS, V345, P965

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 →