Two specimens of lake diatomites of Karelia differing by the rock-forming types of diatoms and the form, size, and degree of preservation of the valves are investigated. It is determined that the size of the valves has a large effect on the granulometric composition and physical-chemical properties of diatomites. The SiO(2) content in the initial samples of diatomites is 70%. After heat-treatment and leaching it increases to 91% and the iron content decreases sharply to 0.075%. After impurities have been removed, lake diatomites are of interest for the production of sheet glass, crystal articles, glazes and enamels, silicate glasses, as well as ceramic articles.