Adolescent Heavy Drinking Does Not Affect Maturation of Basic Executive Functioning: Longitudinal Findings from the TRAILS Study

被引:34
作者
Boelema, Sarai R. [1 ]
Harakeh, Zeena [1 ]
van Zandvoort, Martine J. E. [2 ]
Reijneveld, Sijmen A. [3 ]
Verhulst, Frank C. [4 ]
Ormel, Johan [5 ]
Vollebergh, Wilma A. M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Utrecht, Fac Social & Behav Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands
[2] Univ Utrecht, Helmholtz Inst, Expt Psychol, Utrecht, Netherlands
[3] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Hlth Sci, Groningen, Netherlands
[4] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Rotterdam, Netherlands
[5] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Interdisciplinary Ctr Psychopathol & Emot Regulat, Groningen, Netherlands
基金
英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
SPATIAL WORKING-MEMORY; ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS; BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; PREADOLESCENTS; BEHAVIOR; CHILDHOOD; ATTENTION; CHILDREN; GENDER; SAMPLE;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0139186
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Background and Aims Excessive alcohol use is assumed to affect maturation of cognitive functioning in adolescence. However, most existing studies that have tested this hypothesis are seriously flawed due to the use of selective groups and/or cross-sectional designs, which limits the ability to draw firm conclusions. This longitudinal study investigated whether patterns of alcohol use predicted differences in maturation of executive functioning in adolescence. Additionally, gender was tested as a possible moderator. Methods We used data from the Tracking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), which comprises a cohort of 2,230 Dutch adolescents. Maturation of executive functioning was measured by assessing the standardized improvement on each of four basic executive functions (i.e., inhibition, working memory, and shift-and sustained attention) between ages 11 and 19. Participants were assigned to one of six (heavy) drinking groups (i.e., non-drinkers, light drinkers, infrequent heavy drinkers, increased heavy drinkers, decreased heavy drinkers, and chronic heavy drinkers). We conducted linear regression analyses, and adjusted for relevant confounders. Results The six drinking groups did not reveal significant differences in maturation between drinking groups. E.g., maturation executive functioning of chronic heavy drinkers in comparison to non-drinkers; inhibition: B = -0.14, 95% CI [-0.41 to 0.14], working memory: B = -0.03, 95% CI [-0.26 to 0.21], shift attention: B = 0.13, 95% CI [-0.17 to 0.41], sustained attention: B = 0.12, 95% CI [-0.60 to 0.36]. Furthermore, gender was not found to be a significant moderator. Conclusions Four years of weekly heavy drinking (i.e., chronic heavy drinkers) did not result in measurable impairments in four basic executive functions. Thus, regular heavy drinking in adolescence does not seem to affect these basic behavioural measures of executive functioning.
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页数:15
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