Multi-dimensional flow effects in pulse tube refrigerators

被引:74
作者
Cha, J. S.
Ghiaasiaan, S. M. [1 ]
Desai, P. V.
Harvey, J. P.
Kirkconnell, C. S.
机构
[1] Georgia Inst Technol, George W Woodruff Sch Mech Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[2] Raytheon Elect Syst El Segundo, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA
关键词
pulse tube; regenerators; space cryogenics; flow visualization;
D O I
10.1016/j.cryogenics.2006.03.001
中图分类号
O414.1 [热力学];
学科分类号
摘要
Pulse tube cryocoolers are often modeled as one-dimensional flow fields. We examine the adequacy of this assumption in this study. Two entire inertance tube pulse tube refrigerator (ITPTR) systems operating under a variety of thermal boundary conditions are modeled using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. Each simulated ITPTRs includes a compressor, an after cooler, a regenerator, a pulse tube, cold and hot heat exchangers, an inertance tube, and a reservoir, and the simulations represent fully coupled systems operating in steady-periodic mode. The objectives are to ascertain the suitability of CFD methods for ITPTRs, and examine the extent of multi-dimensional flow effects in various ITPTR components. The results confirm that CFD simulations are capable of elucidating complex periodic processes in ITPTRs. The results also show that one-dimensional modeling is appropriate only when all the components in the system have large length-to-diameter (LID) ratios. Significant multi-dimensional flow effects occur at the vicinity of component-to-component junctions, and secondary-flow recirculation patterns develop when one or more components have relatively small LID ratios. Parameters in need of experimental measurement are discussed. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:658 / 665
页数:8
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