Circulating Exosome microRNAs as Diagnostic Biomarkers of Dementia

被引:26
作者
Dong, Xiaoyu [1 ]
Zheng, Dongming [1 ]
Nao, Jianfei [1 ]
机构
[1] China Med Univ, Shengjing Hosp, Dept Neurol, Shenyang, Peoples R China
来源
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE | 2020年 / 12卷
关键词
exosome miRNA; dementia; cerebrospinal fluid; blood; biomarker; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MIRNAS; EXPRESSION; RECOMMENDATIONS; TARGETS; PROTEIN; TAU;
D O I
10.3389/fnagi.2020.580199
中图分类号
R592 [老年病学]; C [社会科学总论];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 100203 ;
摘要
Dementia is a syndrome of acquired cognitive impairment that leads to a significant decline in a patient's daily life, ability to learn, and the ability to communicate with others. Dementia occurs in many diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies, frontotemporal dementia, and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD). Although the analysis of biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral blood physicochemical analysis can indicate neurological impairment, there are currently no sensitive biomarkers for early clinical diagnosis of dementia or for identifying the cause of dementia. Previous studies have suggested that circulating micro (mi)RNAs may be used as biomarkers for diagnosing neurological disorders. However, miRNAs are susceptible to interference by other components in the peripheral circulation, bringing into question the diagnostic value of circulating miRNAs. Exosomes secreted by most cell types contain proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs that are closely associated with changes in cellular functions. Exosome miRNAs (ex-miRNAs) are highly stable and resistant to degradation. Therefore, these may serve as useful biomarkers for the early clinical diagnosis of dementia. Here, we review studies of ex-miRNAs that commonly cause clinical dementia and explore whether ex-miRNAs may be used as early diagnostic biomarkers of dementia.
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页数:9
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