Tuning the Halogen/Hydrogen Bond Competition: A Spectroscopic and Conceptual DFT Study of Some Model Complexes Involving CHF2I

Insight into the key factors driving the competition of halogen and hydrogen bonds is obtained by studying the affinity of the Lewis bases trimethylamine (TMA), dimethyl ether (DME), and methyl fluoride (MF) towards difluoroiodomethane (CHF2I). Analysis of the infrared and Raman spectra of solutions in liquid krypton containing mixtures of TMA and CHF2I and of DME and CHF2I reveals that for these Lewis bases hydrogen and halogen-bonded complexes appear simultaneously. In contrast, only a hydrogen-bonded complex is formed for the mixtures of CHF2I and MF. The complexation enthalpies for the C-H center dot center dot center dot Y hydrogen-bonded complexes with TMA, DME, and MF are determined to be -14.7(2), -10.5(5) and -5.1(6) kJmol(-1), respectively. The values for the C-I center dot center dot center dot Y halogen-bonded isomers are -19.0(3) kJmol(-1) for TMA and -9.9(8) kJmol(-1) for DME. Generalization of the observed trends suggests that, at least for the bases studied here, softer Lewis bases such as TMA favor halogen bonding, whereas harder bases such as MF show a substantial preference for hydrogen bonding.