Influence of methylene blue, Riboflavin, and indocyanine green on the bond strength of caries affected dentin when bonded to resin-modified glass ionomer cement

Aim: The present study aimed to assess the influence of methylene blue (MBP), Riboflavin, and indocyanine green (ICG) on the bond strength of caries affected dentin (CAD) when bonded to resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC).& nbsp;Materials and Methods: Human third molars with caries lesions were isolated and collected scrutinized based on ICDAS criteria. The teeth were cleaned using a periodontal scaler and disinfected. All samples were positioned in polyvinyl up to the cementoenamel junction. The samples were randomly distributed into five groups based on the pretreatment regime. Samples in group 1, were pretreated with MBP; group 2, polyacrylic acid (PAA) group 3, ICG, group 4, Riboflavin photosensitizer, and group 5, 37% phosphoric acid (PA). All samples were bonded with RMGIC. 10 samples were subjected to the universal testing machine for shear bond strength (SBS) testing. Five samples from each group were placed in fuchsine dye for the microleakage assessment. Comparison of means and standard deviations (SD) of SBS and microleakage in investigated groups was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test at a significance level (p = 0.05)& nbsp;Results: The highest micro shear bond values were observed in group 2 (CAD conditioned with PAA) (14.26 +/- 1.67 MPa). Whereas, the lowest bond values were found in group 1 (treated with MBP) (8.82 +/- 1.08 MPa). CAD conditioned with different photosensitizers i.e., MBP, ICG, and Riboflavin before bonding to RMGIC displayed comparable bond values (8.82 +/- 1.08 MPa), (9.47 +/- 0.21 MPa), and (11.23 +/- 0.47 MPa) respectively (p > 0.05). Samples conditioned with 37% PA showed significantly higher microleakage scores compared to other surface treated groups (p < 0.05).& nbsp;Conclusion: Caries-affected dentin conditioned with polyacrylic acid demonstrated low microleakage and high bond strength.