Phase Change Materials (PCM) fabricated in vertical structures for reconfigurable and tunable circuits

Germanium Telluride (GeTe) can be described as a non-volatile (latching state) phase change material (PCM) in memory applications. GeTe also exhibits a volatile (reversible state) region when heated and cooled between 100-180 degrees C. At temperatures higher than 185 degrees C the material crystallizes and "latches" until a temperature near to its melting point (725 degrees C) is reached and cooled rapidly (quenching). Germanium Antimony Telluride (GeSbTe) or also known as GST has similar characteristics as GeTe. GST also exhibits a volatile (reversible state) region when heated and cooled between 100-150 degrees C. GST crystallizes at 155 degrees C and its melting point is 600 degrees C. This paper demonstrates the feasibility of fabricating radio frequency (RF) devices of phase change materials (PCM) and it also presents a comparison between amorphous and crystalline PCMs in the RF spectrum. Previous work focuses on exploiting GeTe and GST as non-volatile materials in memory applications, and also on characterizing them for their electrical and mechanical properties. The approach here focuses on fabricating RF devices and analyzing their responses. A simulation with resistor-capacitor (RC) and resistor-inductor (RL) circuits is presented to represent the response of the RF devices under testing. The fabrication process includes two-layer and four-layer devices on the Si wafer. PCMs are sputtered and the test pads are deposited using electron beam evaporation. Results show that these RF devices alone can serve as a low pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 10 MHz.