Hierarchal mesoporous SnO2@C@TiO2 nanochains for anode material of lithium-ion batteries with excellent cycling stability

A new type of hierarchal mesoporous SnO2@C@TiO2 nanochains (SCT) as anode material for the lithiumion batteries was prepared via a facile hydrothermal and kinetics-controlled coating method. The TiO2 shell and carbon shell act as double-decker protection to buffer the huge volume change of SnO2 during the charged and discharged process. The resulting batteries equipped with this novel anode material showed excellent cycling stability. SCT-250 with 8 nm TiO2 external shell was demonstrated for optimal electrochemical performances. A high initial capacity of 807 mAh g(-1) was achieved at the current density of 100 mA g(-1) and maintained 369 mAh g(-1) after 100 cycles. The outstanding stable cycling and well rate performance suggest that SnO2@C@TiO2 core-shell-shell nanochains have great potential to be applied as anode material for lithium-ion batteries. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.