Fauna of Dissomphalus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) of the Brazilian Atlantic rain forest, with a description of 23 new species

Fauna of Dissomphalus (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae) from Brazilian Atlantic rain forest, with the description of 23 new species. Standardized collections in 18 sites of Brazilian Atlantic rain forest were done under the scope of BIOTA/FAPESP Program using sweeping, Malaise and Moricke traps. A total of 2,811 specimens of Dissomphalus were collected. Thirty previously described species were recognized, such as: Dissomphalus conicus Azevedo, 2003, D. hramus Redighieri & Azevedo, 2004, D. laminaris Redighieri & Azevedo, 2004, D. manus Azevedo, 2003, D. umbilicus Azevedo, 2003, D. verrucostis Redighieri & Azevedo, 2004, D. alticlypeatus Azevedo, 2003, D. bicerutus Azevedo, 2003, D. gilvipes Evans, 1979, D. krombeini Azevedo, 1999, D. gordus Azevedo, 2003, D. undatus Azevedo, 2003, D. cristatus Redighieri & Azevedo, 2004, D. laticephalus Azevedo, 2003, D. lobicephalus Azevedo, 2003, D. completus Azevedo, 1999, D. gigantus Azevedo, 1999, D. scamatus Azevedo, 1999, D. napo Evans, 1979, D. punctatus (Kieffer, 1910), D. infissus Evans, 1969, D. plaumanni Evans, 1964, D. concavatus Azevedo, 1999, D. rectilineus Azevedo, 1999, D. bifurcatus Azevedo, 1999, D. extrarramis Azevedo, 1999, D. strictus Azevedo, 1999, D. connubialis Evans, 1966, D. microstictus Evans, 1969, D. scopatus Redighieri & Azevedo, 2004. In addition 23 new species were described and illustrated: Dissomphalus inclinatus sp. nov., D. divisus sp. nov., D. distans sp. nov., D. crassus sp. nov., D.filiformis sp. nov., D. inflexus sp. nov., D. spissus sp. nov., D. firmus sp. nov., D. setosus sp. nov., D. tubulatus sp. nov., D. differens sp. nov., D. lamellatus sp. nov., D. fimbriatus sp. nov., D. magnus sp. nov., D. trilobatus sp. nov., D. amplifoveatus sp. nov., D. persona tits sp. nov., D. excellens sp. nov., D. peculiaris sp. nov., D. bahiensis sp. nov., D. amplexus sp. nov., D. elegans sp. nov. e D. amplus sp. nov.. Two new species groups were proposed, brasiliensis with two speices and setosus with eight species. Dissomphalus connubialis Evans, 1966 was revalidated from D. brasiliensis Kieffer, 1910. Dissomphalus bispinulatus Evans, 1969 is considered junior synonym of D. brasiliensis. A key for the Neotropical species of the genus based on males is proposed. Some species such as Dissomphalus rectilineus, D. plaumanni, D. connubialis and D. gigantus are widely distributed along the bioma. On the other hand species such as Dissomphalus completus, D. bifurcatus, D. napo, D. gilvipes, D. microstictus, D. brasiliensis, D. scamatus, D. strictus, D. undatus, D. alticlypeatus, D. laticephalus, D. verrucosus, D. extrarramis, D. concavatus, D. krombeini, D. gordus, D. lobicephalus and 13 new species are restricted to specific regions showing congruency with the subcenters of the bioma.