A case report of double etiology of ecthyma gangrenosum Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis in an immunocompromised child occurred during influenza evolution

Rationale: Ecthyma gangrenosum is a cutaneous infection, most commonly occurring during sepsis evolution with Pseudomonas aeruginosa on an immunocompromised background. There have been rare case reports in previously healthy children and rarer are the cases with double etiology. Patient concerns: We present the case of a female Caucasian patient, aged 1 year and 8 months, who developed severe sepsis during flu evolution with predominant respiratory and cerebral manifestations. On admission, at skin level, there was noticed a necrotic coccygeal ulceration (with rapid increasing dimensions 0.5/0.5cm in 24hours), and with the transformation from a dry necrosis in a sphacelus at the periphery and progression of necrosis in depth. Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed with ecthyma gangrenosum from which Pseudomonsa aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis were isolated from the samples that were harvested intraoperatively, decision that was taken considering the appearance of CT scan and the extremely rapid expansion of necrosis. Excisional debridement with necrectomy, lavage, and dressing being performed. The invasion of the fascia was excluded intraoperatively. Interventions: Treatment with Meropenem for 14 days was initiated, as well as amikacin and linezolid, the latter being replaced with teicoplanin for 14 days. Red blood cells transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulins, anticonvulsants were also administered. Outcomes: Under treatment the evolution was favorable. Lessons: This case brings into discussion a double etiology of ecthyma gangrenosum, in a previously healthy child that occurred in the evolution of influenza. The evolution was favorable under broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment and surgical excision.