Construction and Validation of New Electrochemical Carbon Nanotubes Sensors for Determination of Acebutolol Hydrochloride in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Fluids

A simple, rapid and a highly selective method for direct electrochemical determination of acebutolol hydrochloride (AC) was developed. The developed method was based on the construction of three types of sensors conventional polymer (I), carbon paste (II) andmodified carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) carbon paste (III). The fabricated sensors depend mainly on the incorporation of acebutolol hydrochloride with phosphotungstic acid (PTA) forming ion exchange acebutolol-phosphotungstate (AC-PT). The performance characteristics of the proposed sensors were studied. The sensors exhibited Nernstian responses (55.6 +/- 0.5, 57.14 +/- 0.2 and 58.6 +/- 0.4 mV mol L-1) at 25 degrees C over drug concentration ranges (1.0 x 10(-6)-1.0 x 10(-2), 1.0 x 10(-7)-1.0 x 10(-2) and 5.0 x 10(-8)-1.0 x 10(-2) mol L-1 with lower detection limits of (5.0 x 10(-7), 5.0 x 10-8 and 2.5 x 10(-8) mol L-1 for sensors (I), (II) and (III), respectively. The influence of common and possible interfering species, pharmaceutical additives and some related pharmacological action drugs was investigated using separate solution method and no interference was found. The stability indicating using forced degradation of acebutolol hydrochloride was studied. The standard addition method was used for determination of the investigated drug in its pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids. The results were validated and statistically analysed and compared with those from previously reported methods.