The Relative Contribution of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum Infections to the Infectious Reservoir in a Low-Endemic Setting in Ethiopia

被引：114

作者：

Tadesse, Fitsum G. ^{[1
,3
,4
]}

Slater, Hannah C. ^{[5
]}

Chali, Wakweya ^{[3
]}

Teelen, Karina ^{[1
]}

Lanke, Kjerstin ^{[1
]}

Belachew, Mulualem ^{[2
]}

Menberu, Temesgen ^{[2
]}

Shumie, Girma ^{[2
]}

Shitaye, Getasew ^{[2
]}

Okell, Lucy C. ^{[5
]}

Graumans, Wouter ^{[1
]}

van Gemert, Geert-Jan ^{[1
]}

Kedir, Soriya ^{[2
]}

Tesfaye, Addisu ^{[2
]}

Belachew, Feleke ^{[2
]}

Abebe, Wake ^{[2
]}

Mamo, Hassen ^{[6
]}

Sauerwein, Robert ^{[1
]}

Balcha, Taye ^{[3
,7
]}

Aseffa, Abraham ^{[3
]}

Yewhalaw, Delenasaw ^{[8
,9
]}

Gadisa, Endalamaw ^{[3
]}

Drakeley, Chris

Bousema, Teun ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Radboud Inst Hlth Sci, Med Ctr, Nijmegen, Netherlands

[2] Oromia Reg Hlth Bur, Adama Reg Lab, Adama, Ethiopia

[3] Armauer Hansen Res Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

[4] Addis Ababa Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

[5] Imperial Coll London, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, MRC, Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London, England

[6] Addis Ababa Univ, Dept Microbial Cellular & Mol Biol, Coll Nat Sci, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

[7] Lund Univ, Dept Translat Med, Clin Infect Med, Malmo, Sweden

[8] Jimma Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Med Lab Sci & Pathol, Jimma, Ethiopia

[9] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Immunol & Infect, London, England

来源：

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2018年 / 66卷 / 12期

基金：

比尔及梅琳达.盖茨基金会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

malaria; infectiousness; reservoir; submicroscopic; elimination; ELIMINATION STRATEGIES; MALARIA; TRANSMISSION; PARASITEMIA; MOSQUITOS; VECTOR; AREAS;

D O I：

10.1093/cid/cix1123

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Background. The majority of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections in low-endemic settings are asymptomatic. The relative contribution to the infectious reservoir of these infections compared to clinical malaria cases is currently unknown. Methods. We assessed infectivity of passively recruited symptomatic malaria patients (n = 41) and community-recruited asymptomatic individuals with microscopy-detected (n = 41) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-detected infections (n = 82) using membrane feeding assays with Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in Adama, Ethiopia. Malaria incidence and prevalence data were used to estimate the contributions of these populations to the infectious reservoir. Results. Overall, 34.9% (29/83) of P. vivax-and 15.1% (8/53) P. falciparum-infected individuals infected = 1 mosquitoes. Mosquito infection rates were strongly correlated with asexual parasite density for P. vivax (rho = 0.63; P < .001) but not for P. falciparum (rho = 0.06; P = .770). Plasmodium vivax symptomatic infections were more infectious to mosquitoes (infecting 46.5% of mosquitoes, 307/660) compared to asymptomatic microscopy-detected (infecting 12.0% of mosquitoes, 80/667; P = .005) and PCR-detected infections (infecting 0.8% of mosquitoes, 6/744; P < .001). Adjusting for population prevalence, symptomatic, asymptomatic microscopy-detected, and PCR-detected infections were responsible for 8.0%, 76.2%, and 15.8% of the infectious reservoir for P. vivax, respectively. For P. falciparum, mosquito infections were sparser and also predominantly from asymptomatic infections. Conclusions. In this low-endemic setting aiming for malaria elimination, asymptomatic infections were highly prevalent and responsible for the majority of onward mosquito infections. The early identification and treatment of asymptomatic infections might accelerate elimination efforts.

引用

页码：1883 / 1891

页数：9

共 30 条

[1] Alves FP, 2005, J MED ENTOMOL, V42, P777, DOI 10.1603/0022-2585(2005)042[0777:ACOPSA]2.0.CO
[2] 2
[3] Asymptomatic malaria infections: detectability, transmissibility and public health relevance
Bousema, Teun
Okell, Lucy
Felger, Ingrid
Drakeley, Chris
[J]. NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY, 2014, 12 (12) : 833 - 840
[4] Epidemiology and Infectivity of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Gametocytes in Relation to Malaria Control and Elimination
Bousema, Teun
Drakeley, Chris
[J]. CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS, 2011, 24 (02) : 377 - +
[5] Unexpectedly long incubation period of Plasmodium vivax malaria, in the absence of chemoprophylaxis, in patients diagnosed outside the transmission area in Brazil
Brasil, Patrcia
Costa, Anielle de Pina
Pedro, Renata Saraiva
Bressan, Clarisse da Silveira
da Silva, Sidnei
Tauil, Pedro Luiz
Daniel-Ribeiro, Claudio Tadeu
[J]. MALARIA JOURNAL, 2011, 10
[6] "Asymptomatic" Malaria: A Chronic and Debilitating Infection That Should Be Treated
Chen, Ingrid
Clarke, Sian E.
Gosling, Roly
Hamainza, Busiku
Killeen, Gerry
Magill, Alan
O'Meara, Wendy
Price, Ric N.
Riley, Eleanor M.
[J]. PLOS MEDICINE, 2016, 13 (01):
[7] Gametocyte Dynamics and the Role of Drugs in Reducing the Transmission Potential of Plasmodium vivax
Douglas, Nicholas M.
Simpson, Julie A.
Phyo, Aung Pyae
Siswantoro, Hadjar
Hasugian, Armedy R.
Kenangalem, Enny
Poespoprodjo, Jeanne Rini
Singhasivanon, Pratap
Anstey, Nicholas M.
White, Nicholas J.
Tjitra, Emiliana
Nosten, Francois
Price, Ric N.
[J]. JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, 2013, 208 (05) : 801 - 812
[8] Eichner M, 2001, T R SOC TROP MED HYG, V95
[9] FDRE MoH, ETH NAT MAL IND SURV
[10] Examining the human infectious reservoir for Plasmodium falciparum malaria in areas of differing transmission intensity
Goncalves, Bronner P.
Kapulu, Melissa C.
Sawa, Patrick
Guelbeogo, Wamdaogo M.
Tiono, Alfred B.
Grignard, Lynn
Stone, Will
Hellewell, Joel
Lanke, Kjerstin
Bastiaens, Guido J. H.
Bradley, John
Nebie, Issa
Ngoi, Joyce M.
Oriango, Robin
Mkabili, Dora
Nyaurah, Maureen
Midega, Janet
Wirth, Dyann F.
Marsh, Kevin
Churcher, Thomas S.
Bejon, Philip
Sirima, Sodiomon B.
Drakeley, Chris
Bousema, Teun
[J]. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2017, 8

← 1 2 3 →