Independent variation of retinal S and M cone photoreceptor topographies:: A survey of four families of mammals

被引:39
作者
Ahnelt, Peter Kurt
Schubert, Christian
Kuebber-Heiss, Anna
Schiviz, Alexandra
Anger, Elisabeth
机构
[1] Med Univ Vienna, Dept Physiol, Unit Physiol & Pathophysiol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
[2] Vet Univ Vienna, Dept Vet Pathol, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
关键词
visual ecology; mammalian vision; color vision; retina; photoreceptors;
D O I
10.1017/S095252380623342X
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
In mammals, cone photoreceptor subtypes are thought to establish topographies that reflect the species-relevant properties of the visual environment. Middle- to long-wavelength-sensitive (M) cones are the dominant population and in most species they form an area centralis at the visual axis. Short-wavelength-sensitive (S) cone topographies do not always match this pattern. We here correlate the interrelationship of S and M cone topographies in representatives of several mammalian orders with different visual ecology, including man, cheetah, cat, Eurasian lynx, African lion, wild hog, roe deer, and red deer. Retinas were labeled with opsin antisera and S and M cone distributions as well as S/M cone ratios were mapped. We find that species inhabiting open environments show M cone horizontal streaks (cheetah, pig, deer). Species living in structured habitats (tiger, lynx, red deer) have increased S cone densities along the retinal margin. In species with active vision (cheetah, bear, tiger, man), S cone distributions are more likely to follow the centripetal M cone gradients. Small species show a ventral bias of peak S cone density which either matches the peak of M cone density in a temporal area centralis (diurnal sciurid rodents, tree shrews) or not (cat, manul, roe deer). Thus, in addition to habitat structure, physical size and specific lifestyle patterns (e.g. food acquisition) appear to underlie the independent variations of M and S cone topographies.
引用
收藏
页码:429 / 435
页数:7
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