Prognostic Implications of Vascular Complications Following PCI

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of vascular complications (VC) on the adjusted risk of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) or death following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at 1 year in a large contemporary cohort. Background: Peri-procedural bleeding increases the risk of adverse clinical outcomes at I year. Whether access site VC's identify patients at high risk or independently alter the risk of adverse clinical outcomes at 1 year, however, is uncertain. Methods: 3,931 PCI procedures performed via a femoral access at a single site (WFUBMC) were evaluated. Access and nonaccess site post procedural bleeding were assessed. The adjusted risk of access site VC's association with 1-year clinical outcomes was evaluated by Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: Any VC occurred in 1.7%, and any TIMI bleeding in 6.7% after PCI. The hazard ratio (HR) adjusted for baseline and procedural covariates for any VC of nonfatal MI or all cause death at 1 year was 1.68 (1.00-2.81), P = 0.049 and 1.69 (0.92-3.09), P = 0.088 for all cause death alone. However, after adjusting for any TIMI bleeding, the HR for nonfatal MI or death was 0.84 (0.49-1.45), P = 0.527, and for death alone 0.75 (0.39-1.41), P = 0.369. Conclusions: The occurrence of VC following PCI was an independent predictor of nonfatal MI or death at 1 year, but only if accompanied by TIMI major or minor bleeding. A vascular complication without TIMI bleeding did not after prognosis at 1 year. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.