The effect of rituximab therapy on immunoglobulin levels in patients with multisystem autoimmune disease

被引:110
作者
Marco, Helena [2 ]
Smith, Rona M. [1 ]
Jones, Rachel B. [1 ]
Guerry, Mary-Jane [1 ]
Catapano, Fausta [1 ]
Burns, Stella [1 ]
Chaudhry, Afzal N. [1 ]
Smith, Kenneth G. C. [1 ,3 ]
Jayne, David R. W. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Cambridge, Sch Clin Med, Dept Med, Cambridge, England
[2] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fundacio Puivert, Div Nephrol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain
[3] Cambridge Inst Med Res, Cambridge, England
来源
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS | 2014年 / 15卷
关键词
Rituximab; Hypogammaglobulinaemia; B cell; Vasculitis; Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); IgG; Infection; Autoimmune; ANTIBODY-ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; PATIENTS RECEIVING RITUXIMAB; ACTIVE RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; NON-HODGKIN-LYMPHOMA; WEGENERS-GRANULOMATOSIS; DOUBLE-BLIND; REFRACTORY GRANULOMATOSIS; EFFICACY;
D O I
10.1186/1471-2474-15-178
中图分类号
R826.8 [整形外科学]; R782.2 [口腔颌面部整形外科学]; R726.2 [小儿整形外科学]; R62 [整形外科学(修复外科学)];
学科分类号
摘要
Background: Rituximab is a B cell depleting anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. CD20 is not expressed on mature plasma cells and accordingly rituximab does not have immediate effects on immunoglobulin levels. However, after rituximab some patients develop hypogammaglobulinaemia. Methods: We performed a single centre retrospective review of 177 patients with multisystem autoimmune disease receiving rituximab between 2002 and 2010. The incidence, severity and complications of hypogammaglobulinaemia were investigated. Results: Median rituximab dose was 6 g (1-20.2) and total follow-up was 8012 patient-months. At first rituximab, the proportion of patients with IgG <6 g/L was 13% and remained stable at 17% at 24 months and 14% at 60 months. Following rituximab, 61/177 patients (34%) had IgG <6 g/L for at least three consecutive months, of whom 7/177 (4%) had IgG <3 g/L. Low immunoglobulin levels were associated with higher glucocorticoid doses during follow up and there was a trend for median IgG levels to fall after >= 6 g rituximab. 45/115 (39%) with IgG >= 6 g/L versus 26/62 (42%) with IgG <6 g/L experienced severe infections (p = 0.750). 6/177 patients (3%) received intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy, all with IgG <5 g/L and recurrent infection. Conclusions: In multi-system autoimmune disease, prior cyclophosphamide exposure and glucocorticoid therapy but not cumulative rituximab dose was associated with an increased incidence of hypogammaglobulinaemia. Severe infections were common but were not associated with immunoglobulin levels. Repeat dose rituximab therapy appears safe with judicious monitoring.
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页数:9
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