Observation of keyhole-mode laser melting in laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing

被引：1109

作者：

King, Wayne E. ^{[1
]}

Barth, Holly D. ^{[2
]}

Castillo, Victor M. ^{[2
]}

Gallegos, Gilbert F. ^{[2
]}

Gibbs, John W. ^{[1
,3
]}

Hahn, Douglas E. ^{[2
]}

Kamath, Chandrika ^{[4
]}

Rubenchik, Alexander M. ^{[5
,6
]}

机构：

[1] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[2] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Engn Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[3] Northwestern Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Evanston, IL 60208 USA

[4] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[5] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, NIF, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[6] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Photon Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY | 2014年 / 214卷 / 12期

关键词：

Keyhole-mode laser melting; Additive manufacturing; Powder-bed fusion; Selective laser sintering; Selective laser melting; Direct metal laser sintering; STAINLESS-STEEL;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.06.005

中图分类号：

T [工业技术];

学科分类号：

08 ;

摘要：

Laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing of metals employs high-power focused laser beams. Typically, the depth of the molten pool is controlled by conduction of heat in the underlying solid material. But, under certain conditions, the mechanism of melting can change from conduction to so-called "keyhole-mode" laser melting. In this mode, the depth of the molten pool is controlled by evaporation of the metal. Keyhole-mode laser melting results in melt pool depths that can be much deeper than observed in conduction mode. In addition, the collapse of the vapor cavity that is formed by the evaporation of the metal can result in a trail of voids in the wake of the laser beam. In this paper, the experimental observation of keyhole-mode laser melting in a laser powder-bed fusion additive manufacturing setting for 316L stainless steel is presented. The conditions required to transition from conduction controlled melting to keyhole-mode melting are identified. (c) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：2915 / 2925

页数：11

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