Structural Characterization of Thin-Film Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membranes

被引:83
作者
Albo, Jonathan [1 ]
Hagiwara, Hideaki [2 ]
Yanagishita, Hiroshi [2 ]
Ito, Kenji [2 ]
Tsuru, Toshinori [1 ]
机构
[1] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Higashihiroshima 7398527, Japan
[2] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058565, Japan
基金
日本学术振兴会;
关键词
POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; FREE-VOLUME; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFUSION;
D O I
10.1021/ie403411w
中图分类号
TQ [化学工业];
学科分类号
0817 ;
摘要
This study aims to explore the structural characteristics of the inhomogeneous top layer of thin-film composite membranes when pretreated by different methods: room temperature-oven, ethanol-hexane in a solvent exchange process, and freeze-drying. An evaluation of the nano-order free-volume pore size of the polyamide samples was carried out by nanopermporometry (NPP) and was quantitatively compared with the free-volume pore estimated from normalized Knudsen-based permeance (NKP) and with positron annihilation characterization (PALS). NPP results denoted a bimodal polyamide membrane structure described by a dense matrix and highly permeable regions. The application of different condensable vapors (water, hexane, and isopropanol) resulted in a free-volume pore size smaller than d(p) = 0.6 nm for dense regions, which was confirmed after NKP and PALS. In addition, the influence of highly permeable regions on permeance decreased in the following order: ethanol hexane > freeze-drying > room temperature oven samples, demonstrating an effective membrane structure alteration after different pretreatments.
引用
收藏
页码:1442 / 1451
页数:10
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