Transition to Turbulence for a Quartz Tuning Fork in Superfluid 4He

被引：64

作者：

Bradley, D. I. ^{[1
]}

Fear, M. J. ^{[1
]}

Fisher, S. N. ^{[1
]}

Guenault, A. M. ^{[1
]}

Haley, R. P. ^{[1
]}

Lawson, C. R. ^{[1
]}

McClintock, P. V. E. ^{[1
]}

Pickett, G. R. ^{[1
]}

Schanen, R. ^{[1
]}

Tsepelin, V. ^{[1
]}

Wheatland, L. A. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Lancaster, Dept Phys, Lancaster, England

来源：

JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS | 2009年 / 156卷 / 3-6期

基金：

英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;

关键词：

Superfluid; Turbulence; Critical velocity; Tuning fork; VIBRATING-WIRE; QUANTUM TURBULENCE; LOW-TEMPERATURES; OSCILLATING MICROSPHERE; MK TEMPERATURES; HELIUM LIQUIDS; FLOW; HE-3-B; LAMINAR; GENERATION;

D O I：

10.1007/s10909-009-9901-3

中图分类号：

O59 [应用物理学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

We have studied the resonance of a commercial quartz tuning fork immersed in superfluid He-4, at temperatures between 5 mK and 1 K, and at pressures between zero and 25 bar. The force-velocity curves for the tuning fork show a linear damping force at low velocities. On increasing velocity we see a transition corresponding to the appearance of extra drag due to quantized vortex lines in the superfluid. We loosely call this extra contribution "turbulent drag". The turbulent drag force, obtained after subtracting a linear damping force, is independent of pressure and temperature below 1 K, and is easily fitted by an empirical formula. The transition from linear damping (laminar flow) occurs at a well-defined critical velocity that has the same value for the pressures and temperatures that we have measured. Later experiments using the same fork in a new cell revealed different behaviour, with the velocity stepping discontinuously at the transition, somewhat similar to previous observations on vibrating wire resonators and oscillating spheres. We compare and contrast the observed behaviour of the superfluid drag and inertial forces with that measured for vibrating wires.

引用

页码：116 / 131

页数：16

共 57 条

[1] Energy spectrum of superfluid turbulence with no normal-fluid component [J].