A Comprehensive Approach to Palliative Care during the Coronavirus Pandemic

Context: The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a surge of critically ill patients that strained health care systems throughout New York City in March and April of 2020. At the peak of the crisis, consults for palliative care increased four- to sevenfold at NewYork-Presbyterian (NYP), an academic health care system with 10 campuses throughout New York City. We share our challenges, solutions, and lessons learned to help peer institutions meet increased palliative care demands during future crises and address pre-existing palliative care subspecialist shortages during nonpandemic times. Methods: In response to the increased demand, palliative care physician and administrative leadership at NYP piloted multiple creative care models to expand access to palliative care outpatient and inpatient services. The care models included virtual outpatient management of existing patients, embedded palliative care staff, education for providers, multidisciplinary family support, hospice units (which allowed for family visitation), and team expansion through training other disciplines (primarily psychiatry) and deploying an ePalliative Care service (staffed by out-of-state volunteers). Conclusion: Our comprehensive response successfully expanded the palliative care team's reach, and, at the height of the pandemic, allowed our teams to meet the increased demand for palliative care consults. We learned that flexibility and adaptability were critical to responding to a rapidly evolving crisis. Physician and family feedback and preliminary data suggest that virtual outpatient visits, embedded staff, hospice units, and team expansion through training other disciplines and deploying ePalliative Care services were impactful interventions.