Prevention and early detection of prostate cancer

被引：388

作者：

Cuzick, Jack ^{[1
]}

Thorat, Mangesh A. ^{[1
]}

Andriole, Gerald ^{[2
]}

Brawley, Otis W. ^{[3
,4
]}

Brown, Powel H. ^{[5
]}

Culig, Zoran ^{[6
]}

Eeles, Rosalind A. ^{[7
,8
]}

Ford, Leslie G. ^{[9
]}

Hamdy, Freddie C. ^{[10
]}

Holmberg, Lars ^{[13
,14
,15
]}

Ilic, Dragan ^{[16
]}

Key, Timothy J. ^{[12
]}

La Vecchia, Carlo ^{[17
]}

Lilja, Hans ^{[11
,18
,19
]}

Marberger, Michael ^{[20
]}

Meyskens, Frank L. ^{[21
]}

Minasian, Lori M. ^{[9
]}

Parker, Chris ^{[8
]}

Parnes, Howard L. ^{[22
]}

Perner, Sven ^{[23
]}

Rittenhouse, Harry ^{[24
]}

Schalken, Jack ^{[25
]}

Schmid, Hans-Peter ^{[26
]}

Schmitz-Draeger, Bernd J. ^{[27
]}

Schroder, Fritz H. ^{[28
,29
]}

Stenzl, Arnulf ^{[30
]}

Tombal, Bertrand ^{[31
]}

Wilt, Timothy J. ^{[32
,33
]}

Wolk, Alicja ^{[34
]}

机构：

[1] Queen Mary Univ London, Ctr Canc Prevent, Wolfson Inst Prevent Med, London EC1M 6BQ, England

[2] Washington Univ, Barnes Jewish Hosp, Sch Med, Div Urol Surg, St Louis, MO USA

[3] Amer Canc Soc, Off Chief Med Officer, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA

[4] Emory Univ, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA

[5] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Clin Canc Prevent Canc Prevent & Populat Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA

[6] Med Univ Innsbruck, Dept Urol, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria

[7] Inst Canc Res, Div Canc Genet & Epidemiol, London SW3 6JB, England

[8] Royal Marsden NHS Fdn Trust, Acad Urol Unit, London, England

[9] NCI, Canc Prevent Div, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[10] Univ Oxford, Oxford, England

[11] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Surg Sci, Oxford, England

[12] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England

[13] Kings Coll London, Sch Med, London, England

[14] Uppsala Univ, Reg Canc Ctr Uppsala Orebro, Uppsala, Sweden

[15] Uppsala Univ, Dept Surg Sci, Uppsala, Sweden

[16] Monash Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic 3004, Australia

[17] Univ Milan, Dept Clin Sci & Community Hlth, Milan, Italy

[18] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Surg Urol, Lab Med & Med GU Oncol, New York, NY 10021 USA

[19] Lund Univ, Univ Hosp UMAS, Dept Lab Med, Malmo, Sweden

[20] Univ Vienna, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Vienna, Austria

[21] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA

[22] NCI, Prostate & Urol Canc Res Grp, Canc Prevent Div, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[23] Univ Hosp Bonn, Inst Pathol, Dept Prostate Canc Res, Bonn, Germany

[24] IR2Dx Inc, Director Assay Dev, Moraga, CA USA

[25] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Med Ctr, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, Netherlands

[26] Kantonsspital St Gallen, Dept Urol, St Gallen, Switzerland

[27] Schon Klin Nurnberg Furth & Urol 24, Furth, Germany

[28] Erasmus Univ, Rotterdam, Netherlands

[29] Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands

[30] Univ Tubingen Hosp, Dept Urol, Tubingen, Germany

[31] Catholic Univ Louvain, Dept Urol, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium

[32] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Minneapolis Vet Aff airs Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[33] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Sect Gen Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA

[34] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Div Nutr Epidemiol, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden

来源：

LANCET ONCOLOGY | 2014年 / 15卷 / 11期

关键词：

RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DOUBLE-BLIND; COPY NUMBER; HIGH-RISK; ANTIGEN; METAANALYSIS; MEN; GENE; DUTASTERIDE;

D O I：

10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70211-6

中图分类号：

R73 [肿瘤学];

学科分类号：

100214 ;

摘要：

Prostate cancer is a common malignancy in men and the worldwide burden of this disease is rising. Lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation, exercise, and weight control off er opportunities to reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate cancer by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial, but changes in the PSA threshold, frequency of screening, and the use of other biomarkers have the potential to minimise the overdiagnosis associated with PSA screening. Several new biomarkers for individuals with raised PSA concentrations or those diagnosed with prostate cancer are likely to identify individuals who can be spared aggressive treatment. Several pharmacological agents such as 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and aspirin could prevent development of prostate cancer. In this Review, we discuss the present evidence and research questions regarding prevention, early detection of prostate cancer, and management of men either at high risk of prostate cancer or diagnosed with low-grade prostate cancer.

引用

页码：E484 / E492

页数：9

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