The identity of the European space and, in particular, that of the European Union is a complex topic that arouses controversy. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of this space through its borders, because their type and organization reflect both image and identity. This analysis can only be accomplished through a complex approach that simultaneously captures both the official point of view and that of the various concepts in the literature dedicated to the subject. Beyond the physical frontier, whatever the approach and perspective, within or on the borders of the European Union, we identify other types of "frontier." These borders are rightly regarded as symbolic and ideological because, most often, they are not tangible. From Europeanism to nationalism, from ethno-religious identity to social divisions, the wide possibilities of approach can continue even in the context of the new fight against terrorism or the organization of an efficient European neighborhood policy. European borders, internal and external, reflect the image of the European local, regional or overall identity and reality (political, cultural and socio-economic).
